| Title | Varieties of consciousness in classical Arabic thought: Avicenna, Averroes, and the mutakallimūn |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2023 |
| Journal | British journal for the history of philosophy |
| Volume | ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) |
| Pages | 1-22 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In classical Arabic philosophy, the topic of consciousness is commonly associated with Avicenna's ‘Flying Man’ thought experiment. But Avicenna's explorations of the nature of consciousness are not confined to the Flying Man, and he is by no means the only classical Islamic thinker to deem consciousness an important feature of our experience. Consciousness also plays a important role in the epistemology and moral psychology of Avicenna's intellectual rivals, the theologians (mutakallumūn), who represent important sources for Avicenna's own theorizing about consciousness. And while Avicenna's philosophical successor and critic, Averroes, seems to banish consciousness from the core of his cognitive psychology, in doing so he seems to anticipate contemporary efforts to expand the scope of consciousness through the notion of the ‘extended’ mind. This paper examines the varieties of consciousness recognized by Avicenna and several other classical Islamic thinkers with a view to understanding the extent to which their accounts can be mapped on to some of the concepts of consciousness delineated by contemporary philosophers of mind. |
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| Title | Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 10 |
| Pages | 65-81 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Psychology, Metaphysics, Linguistics |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| It has long been a truism of the history of philosophy that intentionality is an invention of the medieval period, and within this standard narrative, the central place of Arabic philosophy has always been acknowledged. Yet there are many misconceptions surrounding the theories of intentionality advanced by the two main Arabic thinkers whose works were available to the West, Avicenna and Averroes. In the first part of this paper I offer an overview of the general accounts of intentionality and intentional being found in the linguistic, psychological, and metaphysical writings of Avicenna and Averroes, and I trace the terminology of “intentions” to a neglected passage from Avicenna’s logic. In the second part of the paper I examine the way that Avicenna and Averroes apply their general theories of intentionality to the realm of sense perception. I offer an explanation of why Avicenna might have chosen to denominate the objects of the internal sense faculty of estimation as “intentions”, and I explore the implications of Averroes’s decision to attribute intentionality to the external senses and the media of perception. |
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| Title | Models of the Mind. Metaphysical Presuppositions of the Averroist and Thomistic Accounts of Intellection |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2004 |
| Journal | Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 319–352 |
| Categories | Psychology, Aquinas |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"809","_score":null,"_source":{"id":809,"authors_free":[{"id":973,"entry_id":809,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Models of the Mind. Metaphysical Presuppositions of the Averroist and Thomistic Accounts of Intellection","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Models of the Mind. Metaphysical Presuppositions of the Averroist and Thomistic Accounts of Intellection"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2004","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":2,"category_name":"Aquinas","link":"bib?categories[]=Aquinas"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":809,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale","volume":"15","issue":null,"pages":"319\u2013352"}},"sort":[2004]}
| Title | Imagination and Estimation. Arabic Paradigms and Western Transformations |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2000 |
| Journal | Topoi |
| Volume | 19 |
| Pages | 59–75 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"765","_score":null,"_source":{"id":765,"authors_free":[{"id":927,"entry_id":765,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Imagination and Estimation. Arabic Paradigms and Western Transformations","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Imagination and Estimation. Arabic Paradigms and Western Transformations"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2000","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":765,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Topoi","volume":"19","issue":null,"pages":"59\u201375"}},"sort":[2000]}
| Title | Conjunction and the Identity of Knower and Known in Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1999 |
| Journal | American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly |
| Volume | 73 |
| Pages | 159–184 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"808","_score":null,"_source":{"id":808,"authors_free":[{"id":972,"entry_id":808,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Conjunction and the Identity of Knower and Known in Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Conjunction and the Identity of Knower and Known in Averroes"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1999","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":808,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly","volume":"73","issue":null,"pages":"159\u2013184"}},"sort":[1999]}
| Title | Memory, Individuals, and the Past in Averroes's Psychology |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1996 |
| Journal | Medieval Philosophy and Theology |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 161–187 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"764","_score":null,"_source":{"id":764,"authors_free":[{"id":926,"entry_id":764,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Memory, Individuals, and the Past in Averroes's Psychology","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Memory, Individuals, and the Past in Averroes's Psychology"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1996","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":764,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Medieval Philosophy and Theology","volume":"5","issue":"2","pages":"161\u2013187"}},"sort":[1996]}
| Title | Consciousness and Self-Knowledge in Aquinas's Critique of Averroes's Psychology |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1993 |
| Journal | Journal of the History of Philosophy |
| Volume | 31 |
| Pages | 349–385 |
| Categories | Psychology, Aquinas |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"763","_score":null,"_source":{"id":763,"authors_free":[{"id":925,"entry_id":763,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Consciousness and Self-Knowledge in Aquinas's Critique of Averroes's Psychology","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Consciousness and Self-Knowledge in Aquinas's Critique of Averroes's Psychology"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1993","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":2,"category_name":"Aquinas","link":"bib?categories[]=Aquinas"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":763,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Journal of the History of Philosophy","volume":"31","issue":null,"pages":"349\u2013385"}},"sort":[1993]}
| Title | Conjunction and the Identity of Knower and Known in Averroes |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1999 |
| Journal | American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly |
| Volume | 73 |
| Pages | 159–184 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"808","_score":null,"_source":{"id":808,"authors_free":[{"id":972,"entry_id":808,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Conjunction and the Identity of Knower and Known in Averroes","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Conjunction and the Identity of Knower and Known in Averroes"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1999","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":808,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly","volume":"73","issue":null,"pages":"159\u2013184"}},"sort":["Conjunction and the Identity of Knower and Known in Averroes"]}
| Title | Consciousness and Self-Knowledge in Aquinas's Critique of Averroes's Psychology |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1993 |
| Journal | Journal of the History of Philosophy |
| Volume | 31 |
| Pages | 349–385 |
| Categories | Psychology, Aquinas |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"763","_score":null,"_source":{"id":763,"authors_free":[{"id":925,"entry_id":763,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Consciousness and Self-Knowledge in Aquinas's Critique of Averroes's Psychology","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Consciousness and Self-Knowledge in Aquinas's Critique of Averroes's Psychology"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"1993","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":2,"category_name":"Aquinas","link":"bib?categories[]=Aquinas"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":763,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Journal of the History of Philosophy","volume":"31","issue":null,"pages":"349\u2013385"}},"sort":["Consciousness and Self-Knowledge in Aquinas's Critique of Averroes's Psychology"]}
| Title | Imagination and Estimation. Arabic Paradigms and Western Transformations |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2000 |
| Journal | Topoi |
| Volume | 19 |
| Pages | 59–75 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"765","_score":null,"_source":{"id":765,"authors_free":[{"id":927,"entry_id":765,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Imagination and Estimation. Arabic Paradigms and Western Transformations","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Imagination and Estimation. Arabic Paradigms and Western Transformations"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2000","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":765,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Topoi","volume":"19","issue":null,"pages":"59\u201375"}},"sort":["Imagination and Estimation. Arabic Paradigms and Western Transformations"]}
| Title | Intentionality in Medieval Arabic Philosophy |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal | Quaestio |
| Volume | 10 |
| Pages | 65-81 |
| Categories | Avicenna, Psychology, Metaphysics, Linguistics |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| It has long been a truism of the history of philosophy that intentionality is an invention of the medieval period, and within this standard narrative, the central place of Arabic philosophy has always been acknowledged. Yet there are many misconceptions surrounding the theories of intentionality advanced by the two main Arabic thinkers whose works were available to the West, Avicenna and Averroes. In the first part of this paper I offer an overview of the general accounts of intentionality and intentional being found in the linguistic, psychological, and metaphysical writings of Avicenna and Averroes, and I trace the terminology of “intentions” to a neglected passage from Avicenna’s logic. In the second part of the paper I examine the way that Avicenna and Averroes apply their general theories of intentionality to the realm of sense perception. I offer an explanation of why Avicenna might have chosen to denominate the objects of the internal sense faculty of estimation as “intentions”, and I explore the implications of Averroes’s decision to attribute intentionality to the external senses and the media of perception. |
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| Title | Memory, Individuals, and the Past in Averroes's Psychology |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 1996 |
| Journal | Medieval Philosophy and Theology |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 161–187 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
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| Title | Models of the Mind. Metaphysical Presuppositions of the Averroist and Thomistic Accounts of Intellection |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2004 |
| Journal | Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale |
| Volume | 15 |
| Pages | 319–352 |
| Categories | Psychology, Aquinas |
| Author(s) | Deborah Louise Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"809","_score":null,"_source":{"id":809,"authors_free":[{"id":973,"entry_id":809,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah Louise Black","free_first_name":"Deborah Louise","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Models of the Mind. Metaphysical Presuppositions of the Averroist and Thomistic Accounts of Intellection","title_transcript":null,"title_translation":null,"main_title":{"title":"Models of the Mind. Metaphysical Presuppositions of the Averroist and Thomistic Accounts of Intellection"},"abstract":null,"btype":3,"date":"2004","language":"English","online_url":null,"doi_url":null,"ti_url":null,"categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"},{"id":2,"category_name":"Aquinas","link":"bib?categories[]=Aquinas"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":809,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale","volume":"15","issue":null,"pages":"319\u2013352"}},"sort":["Models of the Mind. Metaphysical Presuppositions of the Averroist and Thomistic Accounts of Intellection"]}
| Title | Varieties of consciousness in classical Arabic thought: Avicenna, Averroes, and the mutakallimūn |
| Type | Article |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2023 |
| Journal | British journal for the history of philosophy |
| Volume | ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) |
| Pages | 1-22 |
| Categories | Psychology |
| Author(s) | Deborah L. Black |
| Publisher(s) | |
| Translator(s) |
| In classical Arabic philosophy, the topic of consciousness is commonly associated with Avicenna's ‘Flying Man’ thought experiment. But Avicenna's explorations of the nature of consciousness are not confined to the Flying Man, and he is by no means the only classical Islamic thinker to deem consciousness an important feature of our experience. Consciousness also plays a important role in the epistemology and moral psychology of Avicenna's intellectual rivals, the theologians (mutakallumūn), who represent important sources for Avicenna's own theorizing about consciousness. And while Avicenna's philosophical successor and critic, Averroes, seems to banish consciousness from the core of his cognitive psychology, in doing so he seems to anticipate contemporary efforts to expand the scope of consciousness through the notion of the ‘extended’ mind. This paper examines the varieties of consciousness recognized by Avicenna and several other classical Islamic thinkers with a view to understanding the extent to which their accounts can be mapped on to some of the concepts of consciousness delineated by contemporary philosophers of mind. |
{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5801","_score":null,"_source":{"id":5801,"authors_free":[{"id":6722,"entry_id":5801,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":950,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Deborah L. Black","free_first_name":"Deborah L.","free_last_name":"Black","norm_person":{"id":950,"first_name":"Deborah Louise","last_name":"Black","full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":0,"dnb_url":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1061153703","viaf_url":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/12971847","db_url":"","from_claudius":1,"link":"bib?authors[]=Deborah Louise Black"}}],"entry_title":"Varieties of consciousness in classical Arabic thought: Avicenna, Averroes, and the mutakallim\u016bn","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"Varieties of consciousness in classical Arabic thought: Avicenna, Averroes, and the mutakallim\u016bn"},"abstract":"In classical Arabic philosophy, the topic of consciousness is commonly associated with Avicenna's \u2018Flying Man\u2019 thought experiment. But Avicenna's explorations of the nature of consciousness are not confined to the Flying Man, and he is by no means the only classical Islamic thinker to deem consciousness an important feature of our experience. Consciousness also plays a important role in the epistemology and moral psychology of Avicenna's intellectual rivals, the theologians (mutakallum\u016bn), who represent important sources for Avicenna's own theorizing about consciousness. And while Avicenna's philosophical successor and critic, Averroes, seems to banish consciousness from the core of his cognitive psychology, in doing so he seems to anticipate contemporary efforts to expand the scope of consciousness through the notion of the \u2018extended\u2019 mind. This paper examines the varieties of consciousness recognized by Avicenna and several other classical Islamic thinkers with a view to understanding the extent to which their accounts can be mapped on to some of the concepts of consciousness delineated by contemporary philosophers of mind.","btype":3,"date":"2023","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09608788.2023.2201615","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":12,"category_name":"Psychology","link":"bib?categories[]=Psychology"}],"authors":[{"id":950,"full_name":"Deborah Louise Black","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":null,"article":{"id":5801,"journal_id":null,"journal_name":"British journal for the history of philosophy","volume":"ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print)","issue":"","pages":"1-22"}},"sort":["Varieties of consciousness in classical Arabic thought: Avicenna, Averroes, and the mutakallim\u016bn"]}